In ultrasound, a beam of sound at a very high frequency (that cannot be heard) is sent into the body from a small vibrating crystal in a hand-held scanner head. When the beam meets a surface between tissues of different density, echoes of the sound beam are sent back into the scanner head. The time between sending the sound and receiving the echo back is fed into a computer, which in turn creates an image that is projected on a television screen. Ultrasound is a very safe type of imaging; this is why it is so widely used during pregnancy. What to expect? After lying down, the area to be examined will be exposed. Generally a contact gel will be used between the scanner head and skin. The scanner head is then pressed against your skin and moved around and over the area to be examined. At the same time the internal images will appear onto a screen.

These procedures are done to evaluate the insde of the uterus (uterine vacity) for adhesions, fibroids or polyps. Saline is infused via a small tube into the uterus through the cervix and images are taken during the procedure. The same procedure is also used to check whether the tubes are open as part of fertility investigations. Gel with microbubbles is instilled into the uterus and followed by ultrasound to see if the bubbles follow the tubes.